Microalgae as Sustainable Biofactories for Bioplastic Production: Challenges and Future Perspectives: A Review

Zahraa Hussein Obaid, Environmental Research & Study Center, University of Babylon, IraqFollow
Noor S. Naji, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, IraqFollow
Jasim M. Salman, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, IraqFollow
Layla Mustafa A.A. Alkatrani, Environmental Research & Study Center, University of Babylon, IraqFollow

Abstract

The widespread use of traditional plastics, combined with their slow breakdown, has exacerbated environmental and health problems. Therefore, it has become imperative to find alternatives. Due to their simplicity of cultivation, quick growth, tolerance to challenging growing conditions, and low cost, microalgae are being used more frequently as a bio-source for bioplastics lately. Additionally, a variety of biopolymers, including polyhydroxybutyrate, polylactic acid (PLA), starch, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), protein, and cellulose, could be produced by microalgae. These polymers show promising qualities including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity under various cultivation conditions. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the potential of microalgae as a substitute raw material for the production of bioplastics, and it reviews various types of plastics, as well as the benefits, drawbacks, and applications of algal-based bioplastics. It provides policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders with information about the potential of algal-based bioplastics as a viable alternative to plastic pollution.

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Recommended Citation

Obaid, Zahraa Hussein; Naji, Noor S.; Salman, Jasim M.; and Alkatrani, Layla Mustafa A.A. (2026) "Microalgae as Sustainable Biofactories for Bioplastic Production: Challenges and Future Perspectives: A Review," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Science: Vol. 36: No. 1, Article 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.64064/1658-4325.1027